- "The Official Website of Jazz Legend Duke Ellington." 6 Nov. 2013 <http://www.dukeellington.com/>
- "Duke Ellington - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia." 2003. 6 Nov. 2013 <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duke_Ellington>
- "The Duke Ellinton Reader." 1993. 6 Nov. 2013 <http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=j7HLNsjGRKcC&oi=fnd&pg=PR17&dq=duke+ellington&ots=e45UMZTMc1&sig=M91oPyOzxWgYrGgOxNAEJ_6UIfY#v=onepage&q=duke%20ellington&f=false>
- Ellington, Duke Current Biography. The H. W. Wilson Company. 1970. Print. 6 Nov. 2013. http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail?vid=3&sid=afb13679-955f-4dfa-997b-bde9670b5248%40sessionmgr198&hid=118&bdata=JkF1dGhUeXBlPWNvb2tpZSxpcCxjcGlkJmN1c3RpZD1zNjI0MjE3OSZzaXRlPWVob3N0LWxpdmUmc2NvcGU9c2l0ZQ%3d%3d#db=cbi&AN=203031307